Children at Work
In the 19th century children often went to work to help support their families. Children as young as five worked and working days could last 16 hours or more. Jobs could be extremely dangerous, and children were often seriously injured or killed.
Small children could be very useful because they could fit though small gaps, in factory machinery, or up tight chimneys. Some children were able to gain an apprenticeship. They would n't be paid much, but learning a trade could help them secure a well paid career.
Today, many children take part in some kind of work, running errands or doing household chores, which can help develop social skills and a sense of responsibility. When work begins to harm a child's mental or physical development, it is known as 'child labour'. In 2002, the International Labour Organisation estimated that of 352 million children taking in part in economic activity worldwide, around 246 million children were involved in exploitative employment.
In many countries children need to work to support themselves and their families. The money they earn is often used to pay for basic things such as food and shelter. In countries where education is not compulsory there are many more child labourers.
In Britain, the government believes that it is acceptable for children over 13 to work, as long as they have permission from their local authority, and the job doesn't interfere with their school work.
The Apprentice’s Indenture
Master craftsmen, such as cobblers, blacksmiths, tailors and weavers, benefited from cheap labour by taking on an apprentice, usually a child in their early teens, offering board and lodging and training in return...
Child Actors
The life of a child actor seems very glamorous - travelling the world and working with famous actors - but it is also very hard work.
Child's Labour Certificate
Children needed the certificate in order to start work as it demonstrated their school work was of a reasonable standard.
Cottage Industries
Working days were very long, sometimes lasting 16 hours or more and their jobs were often extremely dangerous, with many children seriously injured or killed at work.
Dressmaking Coursework
If you look closely you can see how long Edith spent on each part of her coursework. The top piece of work shows different types of fastenings - loops, eyelets, metal bars, eyes and hooks...
